But, stresses are not so black and white. The latter is often the more frequent cause of weld cracks. In general, there are two sources of stress that act on a welded joint: You can learn more about weld defects in our in-depth guide. You should also know that weld cracks are a weld discontinuity and are usually considered a weld defect. Later in this article, we’ll discuss both and explain how they create fractures. To make understanding the various causes easier, weld cracks are grouped into two categories However, there are numerous reasons why the weld bead or the welded parts become weaker than the internal forces stressing them.įor example, hydrogen can weaken the metal in the heat-affected zone (“HAZ”), and things like improper weld geometry, stress concentration, low material ductility, inadequate heat treatment, etc., can stress the weld or base metal past their limits. Cracking occurs because the internal stresses exceed the strength of the filler metal, base metal, or both.
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